I-Cellulose Ether iyi-polymer yokwenziwa eyenziwe kusuka ku-cellulose yemvelo ngokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali. I-Cellulose Ether iyinto etholwa yiselula yemvelo. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether kuhlukile kwa-applemers zokwenziwa. Izinto zayo eziyisisekelo kakhulu ziyi-cellulose, i-polymer yemvelo yemvelo. Ngenxa yesehlakalo sesakhiwo semvelo se-cellulose, i-cellulose uqobo ayinakhono ukusabela nabenzeli bokuthembela. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-ejenti yokuvuvukala, izibopho eziqinile ze-hydrogen phakathi kwamaketanga amamolekyuli namaketanga abhujisiwe, futhi ukukhishwa okusebenzayo kweqembu le-hydroxyl kuba yi-alkali cellulose esebenzayo. Thola i-cellulose ether.
Izakhiwo ze-Cellulose Afers zincike ohlotsheni, inombolo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwabangeniswa esikhundleni. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezithathela ze-cellulose futhi kususelwa ohlotsheni lwabantu abathile, izinga lokuthezeka, ukugcwala kanye nezinto ezihlobene nezicelo. Ngokusho kohlobo lokufakazelwa ohlolweni kumaketanga ama-molecular, kungahlukaniswa ku-mono ether ne-ether exubile. Sivame ukusebenzisa i-MC njenge-Mono Ether, ne-HPMC njenge-ether exubile. I-Methyl Cellulose Ether Mc ingumkhiqizo ngemuva kweqembu le-hydroxyl kuyunithi ye-glucose ye-mourle cellulose yemvelo inyuswe esikhundleni yi-methoxy group. Ifomula yesakhiwo [CO H7O2 (oh) 3-H (OCH3) H] X Kungumkhiqizo otholwe ngokufaka ingxenye yeqembu le-hydroxy kuyunithi nengxenye ye-hydroxyproppy. Ifomula yesakhiwo [C6H7O2 (oh) 3-MN (OCH3) -M [OCH2CH (OHCHYTYL Meth3]
Ngokuya nge-solubity, ingahlukaniswa nge-ionic ne-nonic. Izithambiso ze-Sulluble Sulloble Cellulose ezingezona zamanzi zihlanganiswa ngokukhethekile ngochungechunge lwe-ALKYL TETER NE-HYDROXYallyl. I-Ionic CMC isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezihlalweni zokwenziwa, ukuphrinta kwendwangu nokudaya, ukudla kanye nokuhlola uwoyela. I-Non-ionic MC, i-HPMC, i-hemc, njll. Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezintweni zokwakha, upende we-latex, umuthi, amakhemikhali nsuku zonke nokunye. Kusetshenziswe njengoMkhulu, i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi, i-Stabilizer, Dispersant and Film Agent yakha.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether
Ekwenziweni kwezinto zokwakha, ikakhulukazi udaka olomile, i-ether ye-cellulose edlala indima engenakufinyeleleka, ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizweni kodaka olukhethekile (udaka olushintshiwe), kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ebalulekile.
Indima ebalulekile ye-cellule cellulose ether in gunda ikakhulukazi inezici ezintathu, enye ingumthamo omuhle kakhulu wokugcina amanzi, enye ithonya ekuguquguqukeni naseThixotropy lodaka, kanti okwesithathu kungukusebenzisana nosimende.
Ukutholwa kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether kuncike ekufakweni kwamanzi kwesendlalelo sesisekelo, ukwakheka kodaka, ukushuba kongqimba lwesidakamizwa, ukufunwa kwamanzi ngodaka, kanye nesikhathi sokubeka izinto ezibonakalayo. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether ngokwako kuvela ku-solubity kanye nokuwohloka komzimba kwe-cellulose ether uqobo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi yize i-cellulose molecular chain iqukethe inani elikhulu lamaqembu ama-oh anama-oh amaningi, alincibiliki emanzini, ngoba isakhiwo se-cellulose sinesilinganiso esiphakeme se-crystallity. Ikhono le-hydration lamaqembu we-hydroxyl ilodwa akwanele ukumboza izibopho eziqinile ze-hydrogen kanye ne-van der Waals amabutho phakathi kwama-molecule. Ngakho-ke, kudumba kuphela kepha kungancibiliki emanzini. Lapho kungeniswa esikhundleni esibangeni lamangqamuzana, hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi okufakwayo kubhubhise i-hydrogen chain, kodwa futhi nesibopho se-hydrogen sibhujiswa ngenxa yokwehla kwamaketanga aphansi phakathi kwamaketanga aphansi. Okukhudlwana, kukhudlwana ibanga phakathi kwama-molecule. Okukhulu ibanga. Uma kwenzeka kuba nomphumela wokubhubhisa ama-hydrogen bond, i-cellulose ether iba ukuncibilika kwamanzi ngemuva kokuthi isixazululo se-cellulose sinwebeka futhi kwakha isixazululo sokulungiselela. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-hydrate ye-polymer yenza buthaka, amanzi phakathi kwamaketanga axoshwa. Lapho umphumela we-dehydration wanele, ama-molecule aqala ukuhlanganisa, akha i-gel yenethiwekhi enezinhlangothi ezintathu bese esongelwa. Izici ezithinta ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka zifaka ukubonakala kwe-cellulose ether, inani elingeziwe, ukubusa kwezinhlayiya kanye nokushisa kokusetshenziswa.
Lapho kuphakama i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether, okungcono ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi, futhi kukhuphuka kakhulu isixazululo se-polymer. Ngokuya ngesisindo se-molecular (i-polymerization degree) ye-polymer, kunqunywa nangobude be-chain yesakhiwo samangqamuzana kanye nokwakheka kwe-chain, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlobo nezinhlobo zabanye zithinta ngqo ububanzi bayo bokubona.
[η] = km α
[η] I-intescosity engaphakathi yesisombululo se-polymer
m isisindo se-polymer molecular
α Polymer isimilo njalo
K i-viscosity yesisombululo sokulungiselela
I-viscosity yekhambi le-polymer incike esimeni se-polymer. I-viscosity kanye nokuhlushwa kwe-cellulose ether solution kuhlobene nohlelo lokusebenza emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, i-ether ngayinye ye-cellulose inezincazelo eziningi ezihlukile ze-viscosication, futhi ukulungiswa kwe-viscosity kutholwa ikakhulukazi ukucekelwa phansi kwe-Alkali Cellulose, okungukuthi, ukwephulwa kwamaketanga ama-cellulose molecular amaketanga.
Kungabonakala kusuka kuMdwebo 1.2 ukuthi imali enkulu ka-porlulose ether inezelwe ku-datar, ngcono ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi, kanye nokuphakama kwendlela, kungcono ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi.
Ngosayizi wezinhlayiya eziyizinhlayiyana, i-Perfer Perfect, okungcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi kubona umfanekiso 3. Ngemuva kwezinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-cellulose ether zithintana namanzi, ngokushesha ziyancibilika futhi kwakha ijeli yokusonga lokho kuvimbela ama-molecule amanzi. Kwesinye isikhathi akunakusakazwa ngokufana futhi kuncibilike ngisho nangemva kokushukumisa isikhathi eside, kwakha isixazululo esinamafu esinamafu noma i-agglomeration. Kuthinta kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi i-ether yalo ye-cellulose, futhi i-solubility kungenye yezinto zokukhetha i-cellulose ether.
Ukuqina kanye ne-thixotropy ye-cellulose ether
Umsebenzi wesibili we-cellulose ether - ukuqina kuncike ku: izinga le-polymerization ye-cellulose ether, ukuhlupheka kwesixazululo, izinga lokushisa, izinga lokushisa kanye nezinye izimo. Impahla ecebile yesisombululo ihlukile ku-ALKYL Cellulose kanye nama-derivatives alo aguquliwe. Izakhiwo ze-gelation zihlobene nezinga lokufaka esikhundleni, ukugxilisa izixazululo kanye nezithasiselo. Nge-Hydroxyalkyl Decivatives eguquliwe, izakhiwo ze-gel nazo zihlobene neziqu zokuguqulwa kwe-hydroxyalkyl. Ku-MC ne-HPMC enokubonakala okuphansi, kulungiswa isixazululo sokuhlushwa esingu-10% I-ether ye-cellulose ephezulu-molecular-cellulose ether isebenza kahle kakhulu. Ama-polymers anama-molefanelar izinsimbi ane-viscosities ehlukile kusixazululo esifanayo sokuhlushwa. Degree ephezulu. I-Viscosity Target ingatholakala kuphela ngokungeza inani elikhulu le-molecular isisindo se-cellulose ether. I-viscosity yayo inokuncika okuncane kwezinga le-shear, futhi i-viscosity ephezulu ifinyelela ekuboniseni okuqondiwe, futhi inani lentengo elidingekayo lincane, futhi i-viscoty incike ekusebenzeni kahle. Ngakho-ke, ukufeza ukungaguquguquki okuthile, inani elithile le-cellulose ether (ukugxila kwesixazululo) nesixazululo kufanele kuqinisekiswe. Izinga lokushisa le-gel lesixazululo libuye linciphise ngokuqondile ngokwanda kokuqoqwa kwesixazululo, nama-gel ama-gels ekushiseni kwekamelo ngemuva kokufinyelela kokuhlushwa okuthile. Ukuhlushwa kwe-gelation kwe-HPMC kuphakeme emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni.
Ukuguquguquka kungashintshwa futhi ngokukhetha usayizi wezinhlayiyana nokukhetha izithambiso ze-cellulose ezinamazinga ahlukene wokuguqulwa. Ukubizwa okubizwa ngokuthi ukuguqulwa kwethula izinga elithile lokufaka esikhundleni samaqembu ama-hydroxyalkyl ngesakhiwo se-Skeleton se-MC. Ngokushintsha amanani wokufakwa esikhundleni salezi zinto ezimbili, okungukuthi, ama-DS kanye nama-MS ahlobene namagugu amaqembu e-methoxy ne-hydroxyalkyly esivame ukusho. Izidingo ezihlukene zokusebenza kwe-cellulose ether zingatholakala ngokushintsha amanani wokufakwa esikhundleni salezi zinto ezimbili.
Kusuka kuMfanekiso 4 Singabona ubudlelwano phakathi kokuvumelana nokuguqulwa. Ukungezwa kwe-cellulose ether kuMdwebo 5 kuthinta ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kodaka futhi kushintsha isilinganiso samanzi-kusosimende, okuwumphumela wokuqina. Ukuphakama komthamo, kukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi.
I-Cellulose Tashers esetshenziselwa izinto zokwakha eziyimpuphu kufanele ichitheke ngokushesha emanzini abandayo futhi inikeze ukuvumelana okufanele kohlelo. Uma unikezwe isilinganiso esithile se-shear, kusaba yi-blocculent ne-colloidal block, okuwumkhiqizo ongaphansi noma ongemuhle.
Kukhona nobudlelwano obuhle obuqondile phakathi kokuvumelana kokufana kukakhonkolo kanye nomthamo we-cellulose ether. I-Cellulose Ether ingakhulisa kakhulu ukubonana kodaka. Okukhudlwana umthamo, umphumela osobala, bheka umfanekiso 6.
Isixazululo esiphakeme se-cellule Izisombululo zamanzi ezinamanzi ze-MC-Type polymers zivame ukuba ne-pseudoplastic ne-non-twixotropic ephansi yokushisa kwe-gel, kepha izakhiwo ze-Newtonian Flow ephansi ngamanani aphansi. I-Pseudoplaltity inyuka ngesisindo se-molecular noma ukugxila kwe-cellulose ether, kungakhathalekile ukuthi uhlobo lokungena esikhundleni kanye nesilinganiso sokufaka esikhundleni. Ngakho-ke, i-cellulose i-Teshers yebanga elifanayo lokubonana, noma ngabe i-MC, i-HPMC, i-hemc, izohlala ikhombisa izakhiwo ezifanayo zembongo inqobo nje uma ukugxila nokushisa kugcinwa njalo. Ama-Gels ahlelekile akhiwa lapho izinga lokushisa liphakama, futhi ukuhamba kakhulu kwe-thixotropic kwenzeka. Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu nokuvulekezwa okuphansi kuselula Le mpahla inzuzo enkulu kulungiswa kokulinganisa nokugcoba ekwakhiweni kokwakhiwa kodaka. Kudinga ukuchazwa lapha ukuthi ukukhuphuka kwendlela kaCellulose Ether, kungcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi, kepha kukhuphuka isisindo esilinganiselwe se-moleculaty, kanye nokwehla okuhambisanayo kokusebenza kwayo kokuhlaselwa kwayo nokwakha. Lapho kukhuphuka khona i-viscosity, kusobala kakhulu umphumela wokuqina kudaka, kepha alufani ngokuphelele. Ukubonakaliswa okuphakathi nendawo okuphansi, kepha i-ether eguqulwe ngokuguqulwa inokusebenza okungcono ekuthuthukiseni amandla wesakhiwo sodaka lwamanzi. Ngokwanda kwe-viscosity, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether kuyathuthuka.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-18-2023