Ukuvumelana kwesitekisi soketshezi kunqunywa ngokuyinhloko yizithako zalo nokuthi kusetshenzwa kanjani. Nazi izinto ezibalulekile ezenza umqhele we-liquid:
1. Indima enkulu
Ama-Fireners yizithako zokuvumelana eziphambili zokuguqula izindlela ezakhiweni zokuhlanza. Amakhulu asetshenziswa kaningi afaka:
Ama-polymers ancibilikayo amanzi: njenge-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), i-sodium polylacrylate, njll. Lezi zinto zingadonsa amanzi futhi zivuvukale ukwakha isixazululo se-colloidal ngokubona okuthile.
Abakwa-Inorganic Findeners: ezifana nezingcosana, i-calcium carbonate, njll., Ingakhuphula i-viscosity ngokwandisa ubukhulu kanye nevolumu yesigaba esihlakazekile.
Usawoti (njenge-sodium chloride, i-sodium sulfate): Ukungeza ngamanani afanele kungaqhakambisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-molecule asetshenziswayo, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukuvumelana koketshezi.
2. Thayipha nokugxila kwama-surficactants
Ama-surfactants ayizithako eziyinhloko zokuwohloka koketshezi, futhi uhlobo lwazo nokuhlushwa kungathinta kakhulu ukuvumelana:
Ukwakheka kwama-surfactants: Ama-surfactants anezakhi ezinde ze-molecular noma ezilinganisweni ezinkulu ze-hydrophilic / hydrophopobic kungenzeka ukuthi zakha izinhlelo ezinamathelayo.
I-MICELLE THRAPRAPRAMENDIONT: Lapho i-surving ifinyelela ekuhluphisweni kwe-micelle ebucayi, ifomu leMicelles futhi le micelletes ingakhulisa kakhulu ukubonakala koketshezi ngokusebenzisana.
3 inani le-PH lekhambi
Ukuhlanza uketshezi kuvame ukudinga ukunakekelwa ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile le-PH (njengokungathathi hlangothi noma kancane-alkaline) ukuqinisekisa ukuqina nokusebenza kwabo. Kwezinye izimo, izinguquko ku-PH zingaguqula i-solubility yezithako ezithile, ngaleyo ndlela zithinte ukuvumelana koketshezi. Ngokwesibonelo:
Ezindaweni ze-alkaline, ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-anation zingabandakanya izakhiwo ezifana ne-gel.
Ukulungiswa kwenani le-PH kungandisa umphumela we-mkhulu.
4. Ezinye izithako efomula
I-Solvents: Amanzi yi-solvent eyinhloko, kepha ama-cosol athile (isib. I-Plyylene Glycol, ethanol) ingathinta ukubonwa. Banganciphisa ukuhamba kwamahhala kohlelo bese benza uketshezi lukhulu.
Izengezo: njenge-alcohols onamafutha noma ama-acid anamafutha, evame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukuvumelana nokuzizwa kwama-detegents.
Ama-emulsifiers kanye nokuziqinisa: asize ukugcina ukusatshalaliswa kwezithako kuketshezi nokuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukuvumelana okuphelele.
5. Izimo zokucubungula ngokomzimba
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, ukuphathwa kwezimo zomzimba nakho kunomthelela othile ekuguqukeni kwe-liquid:
I-Shear Force kanye nesivinini sokuxuba: Ukuxuba okulinganiselayo kungakhuthaza ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo kwezithako kanye nokwakhiwa kwama-micelles, ukwanda kwendlela.
Ukulawulwa kokushisa: Ukushisa noma ukupholisa kushintsha izakhiwo zesimbobo soketshezi, ngaleyo ndlela zithinta ukuvumelana.
I-6. Ukufunwa kwabathengi nokwakheka
Izimakethe ezahlukahlukene nabathengi banezintandokazi ezihlukile zokungaguquguquki kokuhlanza. Ukuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo, abakhiqizi balungisa ukwakheka kanye namasu wokucubungula ukwenza ama-detegegents awuketshezi elungele ukusetshenziswa futhi kube lula ukuyisebenzisa futhi uyigcine.
Ukuvumelana kokuwohloka koketshezi kutholakala ngamafomula wesayensi nokucutshungulwa okuqondile. Ngokukhetha abakhulu abafanele, ama-surfactants kanye nezinye izithako zokwakhiwa, kanye nokwenza kahle izimo zokukhiqiza, ukuvumelana kokuwohloka koketshezi kungalawulwa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihlukile zohlelo lokusebenza.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-15-2025