Yini i-hec ekubizeni?

I-HEC, noma i-Hydroxyyethyllluose, iyona engekho-ionic, i-polymer esoluniwe amanzi atholakala ku-cellulose. Ngokwesimo sokushayela, ikakhulukazi ukuhlola uwoyela nokuhlola igesi, i-hec idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle koketshezi lokumba. Lawa manzi, avame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukumba udaka, abalulekile kwimisebenzi ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukupholisa nokuthambisa ukumba, ukuthwala izimpukane ebusweni, nokugcina umthombo we-hydrostatic, nokuzinza umthombo.

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nezakhiwo ze-HEC
I-Hydroxyyethyl celtulose ikhiqizwa ngokusabela kwe-cellulose nge-ethylene oxide. Umphumela uba yi-polymer enamayunithi aphindaphindwayo afaka zombili i-hydrophilic (ukuheha amanzi) ne-hydrophobic (ama-water-renglelling). Lesi sakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sidlulisela izakhiwo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

I-Solubity yamanzi: I-HEC ihlakaze kalula emanzini abandayo noma ashisayo, akha isixazululo se-colloidal.
Ukuguquguquka kwe-Viscosity: Kungandisa ukubonwa kwezixazululo zamanzi, okwenza kube yi-ejenti enhle kakhulu.
Ukuqina: Izixazululo ze-HEC zizinzile ngaphezu kobubanzi be-PH (ngokuvamile ph 2-12) futhi bakwazi ukumelana nosawoti ahlukahlukene kanye nama-electrolyte.
Ikhono elenziwa ngefilimu: Kwakha amafilimu acacile, aqinile, futhi avumelana nezimo phezu kokoma.
Imvelo okungeyona eye-ionic: Ukungabi ne-Ionic, i-HEC ayihlangani nezinye izinto ze-ionic ku-ruding fluid, ukuqinisekisa ukuqina.

Indima ye-HEC ku-dring fluids
Ukumba uketshezi, noma ukumba udaka, kubalulekile kwinqubo yokumba. Benza imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile, futhi ukufakwa kwe-hec kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwawo ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

1. Ukulawulwa kwe-Viscosity
I-HEC isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ku-drive fluid ukulawula i-viscosity. I-viscosity yoketshezi lokumba ibalulekile ekumisweni nasekuthuthweni kwezingubo zokumba ebusweni. Ngokushintsha ukugxila kwe-HEC, abaqhubi bangavumelanisa nokubonakala koketshezi lokumba ukuze kufaniswe nezidingo ezithile zokusebenza kokumba. Lokhu kulawulwa kusiza ekugcinweni kahle kwenqubo yokumba futhi kuvimbele izindaba ezinjengokudilizwa kwama-cuttings.

2. Ukulawulwa kweFiltration
Ekuvuthayo, i-filtration ibhekisa kwinqubo lapho ingxenye ewuketshezi yoketshezi lokumba ivuza ekwakhekeni okuzungezile, kushiye ngemuva kwekhekhe lokuhlunga. Ikhekhe lokuhlunga elifanele linciphisa ukulahleka koketshezi lokumba futhi lizinze umthombo. I-HEC isiza ekunciphiseni izinga lokuhlunga ngokwakha ikhekhe elincanyana kodwa eliqinile ezindongeni ze-Wellbore, elivimbela ukulahleka kwamanzi ngokweqile futhi lizinze ukwakheka.

3. Lubrication
I-HEC inikela ngezindawo zokugcoba zoketshezi. Ukuthambisa okusebenzayo kunciphisa ukuxabana phakathi kwentambo yokumba kanye nomthombo, okunciphisa ukugqokwa nokudabula imishini yokumba futhi kuvimbela izimo zepapisi ezinamathela. Lokhu kuthambisa okuzuzisa kakhulu ekuvuthweni okuphambukayo nokuvundlile lapho oxhumana khona phakathi kwentambo ye-drill kanye nomthombo Wellbore kuthiwa.

4. Ukuqina kwe-Wellbore
Ubuqotho bezinhlekelele be-Wellbore bubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okuphephile nangokufanelekileyo. I-HEC isiza izinzile i-wallbore ngokunciphisa ukuhlaselwa koketshezi okumba ekwakhekeni, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ubungozi bokuwa kahle kwe-Wellbore. Ikhono layo elakha amafilimu libuye lisize ekubambeni uphawu ama-fractures amancane kanye nama-pores ekwakhekeni, efaka isandla ekuqineni kahle.

5. Ukucatshangelwa Kwezemvelo Nezokuphepha
I-HEC iyi-polymer engeyona eye-anobuthi futhi enobungane, okwenza kube nobungane imvelo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izithasiselo zokumba uketshezi. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekusebenzeni kokumba kusiza ekunciphiseni ukwehlisa izinyawo zemvelo, kuqinisekise izindlela eziphephile nezinzile zokuzinza.

Izinhlobo namamaki we-HEC asetshenziswa ekubizeni
Kunamamaki ahlukahlukene we-HEC atholakalayo, ngalinye lihambisana nezicelo ezithile nezidingo zokusebenza. Ukukhethwa kwebanga elifanelekile le-HEC kuxhomeke ngezinto ezinjengokubonakala okufiselekayo, ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa, kanye nemibandela ethile yokumba. Imvamisa, i-HEC ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ngokususelwa kusisindo sayo samangqamuzana kanye nezinga lokufaka esikhundleni (izinga lapho amaqembu e-hydroxyl angena esikhundleni sama-hydroxyethyls).

Amamaki aphezulu aphezulu: asetshenziswe kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuthuthukiswa okubalulekile kwendlela.
Amamaki we-Voliosus aphakathi: ahlinzeke ngokulinganisela phakathi kokuvunywa kanye nokuphathwa kalula.
Amabanga okuvusa okuphansi amamaki: alungele izimo lapho kudingeka khona ukuguqulwa okuncane kwe-viscosity.
Amasu okusebenzisa kanye nemikhuba emihle kakhulu
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-HEC ku-dripling fluids kuhilela ukucubungula ngokucophelela kokuhlushwa, izinqubo zokuxuba, kanye nokuhambisana nezinye izengezo ze-fluid. Ezinye izinto ezinhle kakhulu zifaka:

Ukuxuba okufanele: I-HEC kufanele ifakwe kancane kancane ku-fluid ngenkathi ivusa ngokuqhubekayo ukuvikela ukwakheka kwamahlaya futhi iqinisekise ngisho nokuhlakazeka.
Ukulawulwa kokuhlushwa: Ukuqoqwa kwe-HEC kufanele kwenziwe kahle ukufeza izakhiwo ezifunwayo ngaphandle kokuqina uketshezi, olungenza izingqinamba ezinjengengcindezi yempompo eyeqile.
Ukuhlolwa kokuvumelana: Ngaphambi kokungeza i-HEC kuya ku-fluid evuthayo, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuhambisana kwawo nezinye izengezo ukuvikela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okungathandeki.

Izinselelo Nezixazululo
Ngenkathi i-HEC inikeza izinzuzo eziningi, kunezinye izinselelo ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwayo ku-Dringing Fluids:

Ukuzwela okushisa: I-Hec's Viscosity ingathinteka izinguquko zokushisa. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu anganciphisa ukubonwa kwezixazululo ze-HEC, ezingase zidinge ukusetshenziswa kwamazinga okushisa noma izithasiselo ezengeziwe.
I-Shear Decladation: I-HEC ingabhekana nokuwohloka kwesisulu ngaphansi kwezimo eziphakeme, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kokubonakala. Kusetshenziswa amamaki aqinile ama-shear namasu okufanele wokuphatha kunganciphisa le nkinga.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwezindleko: I-HEC ingabiza kakhulu kunezinye izengezo. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza kwayo kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo zivame ukucacisa izindleko.

IHydroxYethyl Cellulose (I-HEC) iyingxenye ebalulekile kumanzi okugoba wanamuhla, enikeza izinzuzo ekunikezelweni kwe-Viscosity, ukuncishiswa kwe-Filtration, nokuthambisa kanye nokuqina kwe-Wellbore. Imvelo yayo engeyona yobuthi kanye ne-biodegradable yenza kube yikhethelo lemvelo lokusebenza kokumba. Ngokuqonda izakhiwo zayo, amasu okusebenzisa, nezinselelo, ama-opharetha angathola ngempumelelo i-hec ukuze athuthukise ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwemisebenzi yawo yokumba.