Udaka ngodaka oluselungiselelwe, inani lokungezwa le-cellulose ether liphansi kakhulu, kepha lingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza ngodaka olumanzi, futhi luyisengezo esikhulu esithinta ukusebenza kodaka. Ukukhetha okunengqondo kwezithambekela ze-cellulose yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ama-viscosities ahlukene, ama-degree ahlukile wezinhlayiya, ama-degree ahlukene wokubonakala kanye namanani angeziwe azoba nomthelela omuhle ekuthuthukisweni koMuder oQinisekayo.
Njengamanje, ama-masonry amaningi kanye nodaka oluphambayo banokusebenza okumpofu kokugcinwa kwamanzi, futhi ama-slurry amanzi azokwehlukanisa ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa yokuma. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kungukusebenza okubalulekile kwe-methyl cellulose ether, futhi futhi kungukusebenza okuhlanganiswe nabakhiqizi bakaDotara baseDotara basekhaya, ikakhulukazi labo abaseningizimu nezifunda eziphakeme, naka. Izici ezithinta umphumela wokugcinwa kwamanzi wodaka olomile uhlanganisa inani le-MC elingeziwe, ubuciko be-MC, ubumba lwezinhlayiya kanye nokushisa kwendawo yokusebenzisa.
1. Umqondo
I-Cellulose Ether iyi-polymer yokwenziwa eyenziwe kusuka ku-cellulose yemvelo ngokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali. I-Cellulose Ether iyinto etholwa yiselula yemvelo. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether kuhlukile kwa-applemers zokwenziwa. Izinto zayo eziyisisekelo kakhulu ziyi-cellulose, i-polymer yemvelo yemvelo. Ngenxa yesehlakalo sesakhiwo semvelo se-cellulose, i-cellulose uqobo ayinakhono ukusabela nabenzeli bokuthembela. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-ejenti yokuvuvukala, izibopho eziqinile ze-hydrogen phakathi kwamaketanga amamolekyuli namaketanga abhujisiwe, futhi ukukhishwa okusebenzayo kweqembu le-hydroxyl kuba yi-alkali cellulose esebenzayo. Thola i-cellulose ether.
Izakhiwo ze-Cellulose Afers zincike ohlotsheni, inombolo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwabangeniswa esikhundleni. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezithathela ze-cellulose futhi kususelwa ohlotsheni lwabantu abathile, izinga lokuthezeka, ukugcwala kanye nezinto ezihlobene nezicelo. Ngokusho kohlobo lokufakazelwa okufakwa esikhundleni se-molecular chain, kungahlukaniswa nge-monothert ne-ether exubile. Sivame ukusebenzisa i-MC njenge-monother, ne-PMC njenge-ether exubekile. I-Methyl Cellulose Ether Mc ingumkhiqizo ngemuva kweqembu le-hydroxyl kuyunithi ye-glucose ye-mourle cellulose yemvelo inyuswe esikhundleni yi-methoxy group. Kungumkhiqizo otholwe ngokufaka ingxenye yengxenye yeqembu le-hydroxyl kuyunithi eneqembu le-methoxy kanti enye ingxenye ne-hydroxyproppyl group. Ifomula yesakhiwo [C6H7O2 (oh) 3-MN (OCH3) m [OCH2CH (OH.CHWEPHESHE
Ngokuya nge-solubity, ingahlukaniswa nge-ionic ne-nonic. Izithambiso ze-Sulluble Sulloble Cellulose ezingezona zamanzi zihlanganiswa ngokukhethekile ngochungechunge lwe-ALKYL TETER NE-HYDROXYallyl. I-Ionic CMC isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezihlalweni zokwenziwa, ukuphrinta kwendwangu nokudaya, ukudla kanye nokuhlola uwoyela. I-Non-ionic MC, i-PMC, i-hemc, njll. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokwakha, imishanguzo ye-latex, umuthi, amakhemikhali nsuku zonke, i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi, i-stabilizer, i-distransant kanye ne-filsing ejenti.
2. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether: Ekukhiqizweni kwezinto zokwakha, ikakhulukazi udaka owomile, i-ether ye-cellulose idlala indima engenakufinyeleleka, ikakhulukazi ekhiqizweni lodaka olukhethekile (udaka olushintshiwe), kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ebalulekile.
Indima ebalulekile ye-cellule cellulose ether in gunda ikakhulukazi inezici ezintathu, enye ingumthamo omuhle kakhulu wokugcina amanzi, enye ithonya ekuguquguqukeni naseThixotropy lodaka, kanti okwesithathu kungukusebenzisana nosimende. Ukutholwa kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether kuncike ekufakweni kwamanzi kwesendlalelo sesisekelo, ukwakheka kodaka, ukushuba kongqimba lwesidakamizwa, ukufunwa kwamanzi ngodaka, kanye nesikhathi sokubeka izinto ezibonakalayo. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether ngokwako kuvela ku-solubity kanye nokuwohloka komzimba kwe-cellulose ether uqobo. Njengoba sonke sazi, yize i-cellulose molecular chain iqukethe inani elikhulu lamaqembu ah ama-oh ah, ayincibiliki emanzini, ngoba isakhiwo se-cellulose sine-crystallity ephezulu.
Ikhono le-hydration lamaqembu we-hydroxyl ilodwa akwanele ukumboza izibopho eziqinile ze-hydrogen kanye ne-van der Waals amabutho phakathi kwama-molecule. Ngakho-ke, kudumba kuphela kepha kungancibiliki emanzini. Lapho kungeniswa esikhundleni esibangeni lamangqamuzana, hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi okufakwayo kubhubhise i-hydrogen chain, kodwa futhi nesibopho se-hydrogen sibhujiswa ngenxa yokwehla kwamaketanga aphansi phakathi kwamaketanga aphansi. Okukhudlwana, kukhudlwana ibanga phakathi kwama-molecule. Okukhulu ibanga. Uma kwenzeka kuba nomphumela wokubhubhisa ama-hydrogen bond, i-cellulose ether iba ukuncibilika kwamanzi ngemuva kokuthi isixazululo se-cellulose sinwebeka futhi kwakha isixazululo sokulungiselela. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-hydrate ye-polymer yenza buthaka, amanzi phakathi kwamaketanga axoshwa. Lapho umphumela we-dehydration wanele, ama-molecule aqala ukuhlanganisa, akha i-gel yenethiwekhi enezinhlangothi ezintathu bese esongelwa. Izici ezithinta ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka zifaka ukubonakala kwe-cellulose ether, inani elingeziwe, ukubusa kwezinhlayiya kanye nokushisa kokusetshenziswa.
Lapho kukhuphuka khona i-ver ye-cellulose ether, okungcono ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi. I-Viscosity iyipharamitha ebalulekile yokusebenza kwe-MC. Njengamanje, abakhiqizi be-MC abahlukene basebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene nezinsimbi ukukala ukubonakala kwe-MC. Izindlela eziphambili zinguHake Rotovisko, i-HIPPLER, UBBELOHDE kanye neBrookfield. Ngomkhiqizo ofanayo, imiphumela ye-visacosity elikalwe ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ihluke kakhulu, kanti ezinye zize zize ziphindwe kabili umehluko. Ngakho-ke, lapho uqhathanisa i-viscosity, kufanele yenziwe phakathi kwezindlela ezifanayo zokuhlola, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, i-rotor, njll.
Ngokuvamile ukukhuluma, ukukhuphuka okuphezulu, kungcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Kodwa-ke, ukukhuphuka kwesisindo kanye nesisindo se-molecular se-MC, ukwehla okuhambisanayo kwe-solubelity yayo kuzoba nomthelela ongemuhle emandleni nasekusebenzeni kokwakha kodaka. Lapho kuphakama i-viscosity, kusobala kakhulu umphumela wokuqina kudaka, kepha akayona ngokuqondile. Lapho esekhuphuka i-viscosity, i-viscous mores owesimende izoba khona, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokwakha, kubonakaliswa njengokunamathela ku-scraper kanye nokunamathela okuphezulu kuya engxenyeni engezansi. Kepha akusizi ukwandisa amandla wesakhiwo sodaka olumanzi uqobo. Ngesikhathi sokwakha, ukusebenza kwe-anti-sag akubonakali. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukubonakala okuphakathi nendawo okuphansi kepha okulungiselelwe i-methyl cellulose kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni amandla wesakhiwo sodaka lwamanzi.
Lapho imali enkulu ye-cellulose ether eyengezwe kudaka, ingcono ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi, kanye nokuphakama okuphezulu, ukusebenza okungcono kokusebenza kwamanzi.
Ngokuphathelene nobungako bezinhlayiyana, abahle yizinhlayiyana, okungcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Ngemuva kwezinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-cellulose ether zithintana namanzi, ingaphezulu lincibilika ngokushesha futhi lakha ijeli lokusonga lokho kuvimbela ama-molecule wamanzi ukuthi aqhubeke nokungena ekutholeni ukungena ngaphakathi. Kwesinye isikhathi akunakusakazwa ngokufana futhi kuncibilike ngisho nangemva kokushukumisa isikhathi eside, kwakha isixazululo esinamafu esinamafu noma i-agglomeration. Kuthinta kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether, futhi i-solubility kungenye yezinto zokukhetha i-cellulose ether.
I-Fechness nayo iyinkomba yokusebenza ebalulekile ye-methyl celtulose ether. I-MC esetshenziselwa udaka lwe-powder eyomile iyadingeka ukuba ibe yimpuphu, okuqukethwe kwamanzi okuphansi, nobuciko futhi kudinga ama-20% ~ 60% kasayizi wezinhlayiyana kube ngaphansi kwama-63um. Ubuhle buthinta i-solubility ye-methyl cellulose ether. I-Coarse MC imvamisa i-granular, futhi kulula ukuyiyeka emanzini ngaphandle kwe-agglomeration, kepha izinga lokuchithwa lihamba kancane, ngakho-ke alilungele ukusetshenziswa ngodaka lwempuphu owomile. Ku-powder eyomile, i-MC ihlakazeka phakathi kwezinto zokubhala ezifana ne-aggregate, i-filler enhle kanye nosimende, futhi i-powder enhle kuphela engavikela ama-methyl cellulose agglomeration lapho uxubana namanzi. Lapho i-MC ingezwa ngamanzi ukuncibilikisa ama-agglomerates, kunzima kakhulu ukusakazeka futhi uncibilike.
Ubude obuhle be-MC akugcini nje ngokuchitheka, kodwa futhi kunciphisa amandla endawo odaka. Lapho kufakwa i-powder eyomile endaweni enkulu, ijubane lokuphulukisa kodaka lwe-powder owomile lwasendaweni luzoncishiswa kakhulu, futhi imifantu izovela ngenxa yezikhathi ezihlukile zokwelapha. Owesifazane ofafazwe onokwakhiwa kwemishini, imfuneko yobunzima iphakeme ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokuxuba. Ubumsulwa be-MC bubuye bube nomthelela othile ekugcinweni kwalo kwamanzi. Ngokuvamile, ngokujwayelekile, i-methyl cellulose izithatheketha ngokubonakala okufanayo kodwa kube nobunzima obuhlukile, ngaphansi kwenani elifanayo lezengezo.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-MC kuhlobene nokushisa okusetshenzisiwe, futhi ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methyl cellulose ether kuncipha ngokwanda kokushisa. Kodwa-ke, kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zangempela zezinto ezibonakalayo, udaka owomile lwe-powder luvame ukusetshenziswa ku-substrates eshisayo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (aphezulu kunama-degree aphezulu, avame ukushelela ukwelashwa ngosimende nokuqina kodaka owomile. Ukwehla kwezinga lokugcina amanzi kuholela emvelweni osobala wokuthi zombili ukuwenza nokumelana nokuqhekeka kuyathinteka, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa ithonya lezinto zokushisa ngaphansi kwalesi simo ngaphansi kwalesi simo.
Yize i-methyl hydroxyethyylylylsyl etherfides okwamanje athathwa njengento ephambili yentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ukuncika kwabo emazingeni okushisa kuzoholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kodaka owomile. Yize inani le-methyl hydroxyethyllls inyuswa (ifomula yehlobo), ukusebenziseka kanye nokumelana nokuqhekeka namanje akwazanga ukufeza izidingo zokusebenzisa. Ngokusebenzisa okuthile okukhethekile ku-MC, njengokukhulisa izinga lokuthezeka, njll., Umphumela wokugcinwa kwamanzi ungagcinwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ukuze akwazi ukuhlinzeka ukusebenza okungcono ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima.
Isikhathi sePosi: Mar-04-2023