Isimende-selleveling usimende / usimende (usimende ozimisele (screed) impahla yokwakha esekwe kumasipala osuselwa kumafutha angakha indawo ebushelelezi ngokuzenzela okugelezayo nokuzimela ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kwezinga kanye nokwakhiwa, usimende ozimilekile / udaka ngodaka kusetshenziswa kabanzi kumaphrojekthi wokulungiswa komhlaba kanye namaphrojekthi wokuhlobisa. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi ezakhiweni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba, ezinjengezakhiwo zezakhiwo zokuhlala, ezentengiso nezezimboni. Ubulukhuni nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zefomula yalo ziphakeme. Okulandelayo ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwefomula yokuzilinganisa / yodaka.
1. Ukwakheka kosimende / udaka olungazi
Ukwakhiwa okuyisisekelo kwesimende / udaka olusezingeni eliphakeme kufaka phakathi: usimende, okuhlanganisiwe okuhle (okufana nesihlabathi se-quartz), ama-admixtures, amanzi nezinto zokwakha amakhemikhali. Ukhiye ulele ekusetshenzisweni nasekulungisweni kokulingana kwama-admixtures. Lokhu okulandelayo kuzoba ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwengxenye ngayinye:
Ukhokhevu
Usimende yinto enobungqabavu enobungqabavu yokuzilinganisa usimende / ngodaka. Uhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kasimende lungukomuntu ojwayelekile wePortland usimende, onikeza amandla ngodaka. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kufinyelelwe ushukela omuhle kanye nezakhiwo ezizimele, ukukhethwa kosimende kuzolungiswa ngokuya ngezidingo zangempela. Kwezinye izindlela, amakhekhe akhethekile anjengomlomo omhlophe noma usimende we-ultrafine nawo asetshenziselwa ukuthola uketshezi olungcono nokubushelwa komhlaba.
I-Aggregate enhle (i-quartz sand)
Ubukhulu obunezinhlayiyana nokusatshalaliswa kokuhlanganiswa okuhle kunomthelela obalulekile ekusebenzeni kokwenza usimende ozimisele. Isihlabathi se-Quartz sivame ukuba okuhlanganisiwe okuyinhloko kodaka lokuzilinganisa, futhi usayizi walo wezinhlayiyana ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-0.1mm no-0.3mm. I-aggregate enhle ayigcini ngokunikeza ukuqina kwesimende sokuzilinganisa, kepha futhi inquma ukuqeda kwayo okungaphezulu. Amainhlayinti ahlangene, angcono uketshezi, kepha amandla alo anciphe. Ngakho-ke, ubudlelwano obuphakathi kwe-fluority namandla kudinga ukulinganisela ngesikhathi senqubo yokulingana.
Ama-Admixtures (izinto eziguquliwe)
Ama-admixtures angenye yezinto ezisemqoka sikasimende / udaka ngodaka. Ngokuyinhloko asetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa u-fluidity, ukunweba isikhathi sokwakha, ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka kanye nokukhulisa ukunxusa. Ama-admixturetures ajwayelekile afaka ukuncishiswa kwamanzi, amapulasitiki, abaphethe, abameli be-antifreeze, njll.
Ukunciphisa Amanzi: Kunganciphisa ngempumelelo isilinganiso sesilinganiso samanzi, kuthuthukise u-fluority, bese wenza unamathisela usimende lula ukugeleza bese usakazeka.
I-Plistic: Thuthukisa ukunamathela nokuqhekeka kokulwa kodaka, futhi kuthuthukise i-decticity yayo ngesikhathi sokwakha.
Umenzeli we-Level: Ukungeza inani elincane le-ejenti yokulinganisa kusiza ukulungisa indawo yokufakelwa kodaka, ukuze ukwazi ukuzimela.
Nisela
Inani lamanzi angeziwe kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola ukusebenza kokwakha kosimende / ngodaka. Ukusabela kuka-hydration ngokosimende kudinga inani elifanele lamanzi, kepha amanzi amaningi azothinta amandla nokuqina kodaka. Isilinganiso samanzi ku-Cement sivame ukulawulwa phakathi kuka-0.3 no-0.45, ongaqinisekisa ukuthi udaka unobuhlakani obufanele namandla ayo okugcina.
2
Isilinganiso sokuzilinganisa usimende / udaka ngodaka sidinga ukulungiswa ngokuya ngemvelo yokusebenzisa, izidingo ezisebenzayo kanye nemibandela yokwakha. Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokulingana zifaka isilinganiso sesisindo, isilinganiso sevolumu kanye nosimende: isilinganiso esihlanganisiwe. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungiselela, ukuhlukaniswa okunembile kuyisisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kodaka kuhlangabezana okulindelwe.
Usimende: isilinganiso sesihlabathi
Ngowesimende wendabuko, isilinganiso sikasika usimende esihlabathini sicishe sibe ngu-1: 3 noma 1: 4, kepha isilinganiso sokuzimela usimende / ngodaka kudingeka silungiselelwe. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwesimenge kusiza ukuthuthukisa amandla nobubi, ngenkathi isihlabathi esiningi sizoholela ekunciphiseni uketshezi. Ngakho-ke, usimende olinganiselayo: Isilinganiso se-sand sivame ukukhethwa ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi udaka angahlangabezana nezidingo zobunzima nobukhulu ngesikhathi sokwakha.
Isilinganiso se-Admixtures
Inani lokuhlanganiswa okungeziwe libalulekile ekusebenzeni kokugcina kodaka. Amanzi anciphise amanzi avame ukungezwa ku-0.5% kuya ku-1.5% (kususelwa ku-Cement Mass), kanti ama-spices kanye nama-ejenti wokulinganisa angezwa ngokuya ngezimo ezithile, nge-1.3% kuya ku-1%. Ukuhlanganiswa okuningi kakhulu kungaholela ekutheni ukuqina kokwakheka kodaka, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kulawulwe ngokuqinile.
Isilinganiso samanzi
Isilinganiso samanzi sibalulekile ekusebenzeni kodaka oluzimele. Umswakama ofanele usiza ukuthuthukisa uxhaso kanye nokwenza umsebenzi wokwakha ngodaka. Imvamisa, isilinganiso samanzi esikhungweni silawulwa phakathi kuka-0.35 no-0.45. Amanzi amaningi angadala ukuthi udaka abe uketshezi futhi alahlekelwe yizakhiwo zawo zokuzikhandla. Amanzi amancane kakhulu angathinta ukusabela kuka-hydration kasimende, okuholela ekubeni namandla anganele.
I-3
Usimende ozimilekile / udaka lunezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuzenzisa, amandla nokuqina, futhi kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni. Izici zalo zokwakha zikuvumela ukuthi zithole indawo eyisicaba esikhathini esifushane, zilungele ikakhulukazi amaphrojekthi afana nomhlabathi namafulethi.
Ukwakhiwa okulula
Njengoba i-self-slease cment / isimende inobunzima obuqinile, inqubo yokwakha ingaphothulwa ngemishini elula yokuxuba nokuxubana ngaphandle kwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngemuva kokuthi ukwakhiwa sekuqediwe, udaka oluzimelana nosimende lungazifinyelela esikhathini esifushane, ukunciphisa ukungenelela kwencwajana kanye nokwenza ngcono umsebenzi.
Ukuqina okuqinile
Usimende ozimilekile / udaka unamandla aphezulu acindezele kanye nokumelana nokuqhekeka, futhi angagcina ukuqina ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici zalo eziphansi ze-hydration heat nazo zikwenza ilungele ukuzungeza indawo enkulu, ukugwema isizukulwane semifantu.
Kusetshenziswe Kakhulu
Usimende ozimisele we-Self-Welveling uvame ukusetshenziswa ekulungiseni komhlaba, esitezi sezimboni, isakhiwo sezentengiselwano kanye nomhlobiso wekhaya, njll. Ilungele kakhulu lezo zindawo ezidinga indawo eyisicaba, akukho mali eqinile yomthwalo.
Ifomula kanye nenqubo yokuxubana yokuzihlanganisa usimende / udaka ngodaka kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kubandakanya ukuphathwa kwengxenye okuqondile kosimende, okuhlanganisiwe, ukuhlangana namanzi. Ingxenye efanele kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphakeme zingaqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo kwezokwakha ngempumelelo nekhwalithi yokugcina yobuso. Ngokwephuculwa kwezidingo zemboni yezokwakha zekhwalithi yenhlabathi, isidingo semakethe sokuzilungiselela usimende / ngodaka njengesikejana sokusebenza okuphezulu sizoqhubeka nokukhula, futhi amathemba awo okuthuthuka abanzi. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo, ukulungisa ifomula ngokuya ngezidingo ezahlukahlukene zokwakha kungadla kangcono izinzuzo zalo futhi zinikeze izixazululo ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokwakhiwa komhlaba.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-19-2025