Kusetshenziswa i-cellulose njengezinto ezingavuthiwe, i-CMC-NA yalungiswa yindlela yezinyathelo ezimbili. Owokuqala inqubo ye-alkalization ye-cellulose. I-cellulose ihlangana ne-sodium hydroxide ukukhiqiza i-alkali cellulose, bese i-alkali clullulose isabela nge-chlororosetic acid ukukhiqiza i-CMC-NA, ebizwa ngokuthi ukusheshisa.
Uhlelo lokuphendula kumele lube alkali. Le nqubo ingeye-Williamson ETRER SYENTY INDLEME. Indlela yokuphendula yi-nucleophilic. Uhlelo lokuphendula luyi-alkali, futhi lihambisana nokusabela kohlangothi olunye phambi kwamanzi, njenge-sodium glycolate, glycolic acid neminye imikhiqizo. Ngenxa yokuba khona kokusabela okukhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-alkali kanye ne-ejenti ye-etherizerfication kuzokwandiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kokuthezeka; Ngasikhathi sinye, i-sodium glycolate, i-glycolic acid kanye nokungcola kasawoti okuningi kungenziwa kwenziwa ekuphenduleni okukhulu, kubangele ukuhlanzeka nokuncishiswa komkhiqizo. Ukuze unciphise ukusabela komaceleni, kudingekile hhayi ukusebenzisa i-Alkali kuphela, kepha futhi ukulawula inani lohlelo lwamanzi, ukugcwala kwe-alkali kanye nendlela yokuvuselela inhloso ye-alkalization eyanele. Ngasikhathi sinye, izidingo zomkhiqizo ekuboneni nasezingeni eliphansi lokufaka esikhundleni kufanele zibhekwe, futhi ijubane lokuvusa amazinga okushisa kufanele lithathwe kalula. Ukulawula nezinye izinto, kwandise izinga lokuthezeka, futhi kuvimbela ukwenzeka kokuphendula okukhulu.
Ngokusho kwemithombo ye-etherization ehlukene, ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kwe-CMC-NA kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: indlela esekwe emanzini kanye nendlela esekwe e-solvent. Indlela esebenzisa amanzi njengoba i-reaction medium ibizwa ngendlela yamanzi, esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-Alkaline Medium neLow-Grade CMC-NA. Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Organic Solvent njengoba i-Medial Medium ibizwa nge-solvent indlela, efanelekile ukukhiqizwa kwe-CMC-NA. Lokhu kusabela okubili kwenziwa ku-duderer, okungokwenqubo yokuxova futhi okwamanje kuyindlela eyinhloko yokukhiqiza i-CMC-NE.
Windlela ephakathi nendawo:
Indlela ethwalwa ngamanzi iyinqubo yokuqala yokukhiqiza yezimboni, okuwukuphendula i-Alkali Cellulose kanye ne-ejenti yokuthezeka ngaphansi kwezimo zama-alkali namanzi. Ngesikhathi soku-alkalization kanye nokuthezeka, akukho medium organic ohlelweni. Izidingo zemishini yendlela yemidiya yamanzi zilula kakhulu, ngokutshala imali okuncane nezindleko eziphansi. Okubi ukuntuleka kwenani elikhulu le-liquid medium, ukushisa okukhiqizwe ukusabela kwandisa izinga lokushisa, kusheshise ijubane lokuphendula okukhulu, kuholela ekusebenzeni kahle kwethelika, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ongemuhle. Indlela isetshenziselwa ukulungiselela imikhiqizo ye-CMC-NA enamabanga aphansi, enjengezihlanzi, ama-tentile anjenting agents nokunye okunjalo.
SIndlela ye-Olvent:
Indlela ye-solvent ibizwa nangokuthi indlela ye-organic solvent, futhi isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi ukusabela kwe-alkaliation kanye nokusabela okuthethekile kwenziwa ngaphansi kwesimo se-organic solvent ye-organic njenge-reaction medium njenge-reaction medium (diliunt). Ngokwesilinganiso se-dillount esebenzayo, ihlukaniswe ngendlela yokuxova kanye nendlela ebabazekayo. Indlela ye-solvent iyafana nenqubo yokuphendula yendlela yamanzi, futhi iqukethe izigaba ezimbili ze-alkalization kanye nokuthezeka, kepha okuphakathi kwalezi zigaba ezimbili kwehlukile. Indlela ye-solvent isindisa inqubo yokufaka i-alkali, ecindezela, ukuchotshozwa, ukuguga, ukuguga nokunye okungokwemvelo ngendlela yamanzi, kanye ne-alkalization kanye nokuthethelwa konke kwenziwa ku-KINESTER. Okubi ukuthi ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kumpofu kakhulu, futhi imfuneko yesikhala nezindleko ziphezulu. Vele, ukukhiqizwa kwezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zemishini, kuyadingeka ukuthi ulawule ngokuqinile izinga lokushisa kohlelo, ukondla isikhathi, njll, ukuze imikhiqizo enezinga elihle kakhulu nokusebenza ingalungiswa.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-27-2023