Izici ezithinta i-HPMC Viscosity

IHydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) isetshenziswa kabanzi emasimini wezinto zokwakha, amakhamishini, ukudla nezimonyo. I-viscosity ye-HPMC ingenye yezinkomba zayo ezibalulekile zokusebenza ngoba ithinta ngqo i-fluidity, izakhiwo ze-coating, izakhiwo ze-gel kanye nezinye izici zezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda izici ezithinta ukubonwa kwe-HPMC kubalulekile ukuthola uhlelo lokusebenza kanye nokwakhiwa komkhiqizo emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.

1. Umphumela wesisindo se-molecular
Isisindo se-molecular se-HPMC sinomthelela omkhulu ekubonakaleni. Kukhudlwana isisindo molecular, kukhuphuka kakhulu isixazululo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-HPMC enesisindo esikhulu samangqamuzana akha isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi se-molecular change esixazululo esikhani, esandisa ukungezwani kwangaphakathi kwesisombululo futhi kuholela ekwandeni kokubonakala. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuzobe kunesisindo esikhulu samangqamuzana kusisombululo ngesikhathi senqubo yokugeleza, okubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni ukusebenza kwezimbozo, ukunamathela kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Zombili izifundo zokuhlola nezemibono mbono zikhombisile ukuthi isisindo se-vivcosity kanye nesisindo se-HPMC sibonisa ubuhlobo bamandla, okungukuthi, i-viscosity ayinyusi kahle njengoba isisindo se-molecular sikhuphuka.

2. Ithonya lezinga lokufaka esikhundleni
Izinga lokufaka esikhundleni se-hydroxypropyl (-ch3chohchch2-) namaqembu we-methyl (-ch3) ku-HPMC yinto ebalulekile ethinta i-solubeni yayo nokuvunywa kwayo. Izinga lokufaka esikhundleni lisho inani lamaqembu ama-hydroxyl (-OH) ku-HPMC Check afakwe esikhundleni se-hydroxypropyl kanye namaqembu we-methyl. Lapho izinga lokufakwa esikhundleni samaqembu e-hydroxypropyls likhuphuka, ukuxhumana phakathi kwamaketanga ama-molelisar abuthakathaka, futhi amaketanga amamolekli azoba lula ukunwebisa kwikhambi elinamanzi, ngaleyo ndlela akhuphule ukubonwa kwesixazululo; Ngenkathi ukukhuphuka kwamaqembu we-methyl kuzothambekela ukukhulisa i-hydrophobicity yesisombululo, okuholele ekutheni kuncishiswe i-solubity, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukubonakala. Ngokuvamile, i-HPMC enezinga eliphakeme lokufaka esikhundleni se-solubility eliphakeme nokubonakala, futhi lingahlangabezana nezidingo ze-viscosity zezinkambu ezahlukahlukene.

3. Umphumela wokuhlushwa kwesixazululo
I-viscosity yesixazululo se-HPMC ihlobene kakhulu nokuhlushwa kwayo. Njengoba ukugcwaliswa kwesixazululo kukhuphuka, ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-molekyuli kwandisa kakhulu, okwenza ukuba i-viscosity yekhambi likhuphuke kakhulu. Ngokugxila okuphansi, ama-molecule we-HPMC akhona ngendlela yamaketanga angashadi, futhi i-viscosity ishintsha kahle; Lapho ukugcwala kufinyelela inani elithile elibucayi, ama-molecule e-HPMC azofanisa futhi ahlanganyele komunye nomunye, akha isakhiwo senethiwekhi, okwenza ukuba i-viscosity yandise ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwesixazululo kuzokwenza futhi i-HPMC ibonise ukuqina kwama-shear, okungukuthi, i-viscosity izokhuphuka ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla amakhulu we-shear.

I-4. Ithonya Lolo Lolo Luhlobo
Uhlobo lwe-solvent luphinde lube nomthelela obalulekile kwi-solubity kanye ne-viscosity ye-HPMC. I-HPMC ingachithwa emanzini kanye nezinye izixazululo ze-organic (njenge-methanol, ethanol, i-acetone), kepha izixazululo ezahlukahlukene zine-solubity ehlukile kanye nokuhlakazwa. Ngamanzi, i-HPMC imvamisa ikhona kwifomu eliphakeme le-viscosity, ngenkathi ku-organic solvents libonisa ukubonakala okuphansi. I-polarity ye-solvent inomthelela omkhulu ekubonakaleni kwe-HPMC. I-Solvents ene-polarity ephezulu (njengamanzi) izothuthukisa i-hydration yama-molecule we-HPMC, ngaleyo ndlela akhuphule ukubonwa kwesixazululo. I-non-polar solvents ayikwazi ukuncibilikisa ngokuphelele i-HPMC, okwenza ikhambi likhombise ukubonwa okuphansi noma ukuqondiswa okungaphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhethwa kanye nesilinganiso sokuxubana se-solvent kuzothinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-HPMC.

5. Umphumela wokushisa
Ukushisa kungenye yezinto eziphambili zemvelo ezithinta ukubonwa kwe-HPMC. Ngokuvamile, i-viscosity ye-HPMC yehla njengoba izinga lokushisa lenyuka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lizobhubhisa ama-hydrogen bond kanye nokunye ukuxhumana phakathi kwamaketanga ama-molecular ama-hpmc, okwenza amaketanga ama-molecular aslide kalula, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ukubonwa kwesixazululo. Kumazinga athile aphezulu aphezulu, i-HPMC ingahle ihlangane ngisho nokugcwala ukwakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-gel. Le mpahla yokugcwala kwe-thermal isetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni zokwakha kanye nezimboni zokudla njengoba ihlinzeka ngokufaneleka okufanele nokusekelwa okuhlelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa linemiphumela ehlukile ekubonisweni kwama-HPMC anama-molecular izinsimbi nama-degree ahlukile wokufaka esikhundleni. Ngokuvamile, ama-HPMC anezinsimbi ezinkulu zamangqamuzana kanye nama-degree aphezulu wokufaka esikhundleni kuzwela kakhulu izinguquko zokushisa.

6. Umphumela wenani le-PH
Yize i-HPMC iyi-polymer engathathi hlangothi futhi imvamisa ingenandaba nezinguquko ze-PH, ukubonakala kwayo kungase kuthinteke ngaphansi kwezimo ze-PH ezedlulele (ezifana nasezindaweni ezinamandla ze-acid noma ze-alkali noma). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imvelo enamandla ye-acid noma i-alkali izobhubhisa ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana kwe-HPMC futhi inciphise ukuqina kwayo, okuholela ekwehliseni ekuboneni. Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, ezinjengamalungiselelo emithi kanye nezithasiselo zokudla, ukuphathwa kwe-PH kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-HPMC viscosity ihlala iqinile ebangeni elifanele.

7. Umphumela wamandla e-Ionic
Amandla e-Ionic kwisisombululo futhi athinta i-viscosity yokuziphatha kwe-HPMC. Indawo ephezulu yamandla e-ionic izovikela amacala emaketangeni ama-molecular ama-hpmc, anciphise ukuxabana kwama-electrostatic phakathi kwamaketanga amamolekyuli, okwenza kube lula ama-molecule ukuba asondele, lapho ehlisa khona i-viscosity. Ngokuvamile, lapho kulungiswa izixazululo ze-HPMC ezinamanzi, ukugxila kwe-Ion kufanele kulawulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-viscosity ezinzile, ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakhekeni kwemithi kanye nezimonyo.

I-viscosity ye-HPMC ithintwa yizici eziningi, kufaka phakathi isisindo samangqamuzana, izinga lokufaka esikhundleni, ukugxila kwesixazululo, uhlobo lwe-solvent, izinga lokushisa, i-ionic amandla. Isisindo samangqamuzana kanye nesilinganiso sokufakwa esikhundleni ikakhulukazi sinquma izici ze-viscosity ezijwayelekile ze-HPMC, kuyilapho izimo zangaphandle ezinjengokuhlushwa kwesixazululo, uhlobo lwe-solvent kanye nokushisa kuthinta ukusebenza kwayo kwe-viscosity ngesikhathi sohlelo lokusebenza. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo, izinhlobo ezifanele ze-HPMC nezimo zokulawula zidinga ukukhethwa ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zokuthola ukusebenza okuhle kwe-viscosity. Ukuxhumana kwalezi zinto kunquma ukusebenza kanye nezinkundla ezisebenzayo ze-HPMC, ukuhlinzeka ukwesekwa kwethiyori ngohlelo lokusebenza lwayo olubanzi ekwakhiweni, emikhayeni, ukudla kanye nezinye izimboni.